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Diabetic foot has also become a major challenge which is seeing a surge in its incidence. People with diabetes need to keep a check on their feet on an everyday basis. Use of footwear not just outside but also inside the house is important to prevent injuries that lead to further complications
In the last 40 years, cases of diabetes have surged by nearly four times and at 1.5 million deaths a year as per World Health Organisation (WHO) data, it is among the top-10 cases of death. These worrying numbers show why diabetes is a condition that requires urgent attention at individual and community levels.
In 2021, more than 422 million people worldwide were estimated to be living with diabetes. The number is believed to have risen since then. Rising obesity and inactivity rates contribute heavily to this increase, making prevention, early detection, and accessible treatment more essential than ever, say experts.
Marked by chronically elevated blood sugar levels, diabetes exists primarily in two forms: Type 1 and Type 2. The first category, often diagnosed in childhood or adolescence, requires insulin therapy because the body cannot produce insulin. However, Type 2 diabetes— which accounts for about 90 percent of all cases - is typically linked to lifestyle factors, including diet, exercise, and weight management, leading to insulin resistance.
Diabetic foot is a common complication in Tamil Nadu, leading to increased amputations. Doctors stressed on regular foot check-ups, proper footwear and orthotics, foot hygiene and wound care, blood sugar control, peripheral neuropathy management, and early detection and treatment of foot ulcers.
“Diabetic foot has also become a major challenge which is seeing a surge in its incidence. People with diabetes need to keep a check on their feet on an everyday basis. They should see if there are any wounds, injuries or cuts that can become worse with time. They should moisturise their legs daily. Use of footwear not just outside but also inside the house is important to prevent injuries that lead to further complications,” said Dr Rajesh Kesavan, founder & director, Dr RK Diabetic Foot and Podiatry Institute, Chennai.
He added that it is important to ensure that the sugar levels are in control if one is diagnosed to have diabetes. “People have become couch potatoes these days and there is little to no physical activity.”
Small lifestyle changes like engaging in regular physical activity, following a balanced diet, and maintaining a healthy weight can significantly reduce the risk of developing complications, Dr Rajesh Kesavan added.
Building a supportive community for awareness
It is important to remember the value of a supportive community in helping individuals manage and prevent diabetes. From healthcare providers to family and friends, a robust network can provide encouragement and practical guidance, empowering those with diabetes to make informed decisions about their health.
“Diabetes is a lifelong journey but with the right support, people can live full, healthy lives. World Diabetes Day is an opportunity to advocate for awareness, early detection, and better lifestyle practices. With the power of community, education, and accessible healthcare, we can significantly improve outcomes for people with diabetes worldwide,” Dr Spoorthi added.
Dr Spoorthi Arun, internal medicine consultant at Promed Hospital, said nearly 50 per cent of diabetes cases remain undiagnosed. The impact is severe: complications affecting the heart, kidneys, nerves, and eyes are common, and many could be prevented or delayed if diabetes was detected and managed earlier.
“With diabetes cases rising so sharply, it’s crucial to focus not just on managing the disease but on preventive measures, especially in Type 2 diabetes, where lifestyle adjustments can play a major role,” said Dr Spoorthi. “When detected early, it’s possible to manage and even prevent severe complications.”
